Understanding the Giant House Rabbit
When considering a pet, the idea of a 'giant house rabbit' might conjure images of a creature far removed from the familiar, smaller bunny. In reality, these are simply larger breeds of domestic rabbit, often referred to by specific breed names like the Flemish Giant or Continental Giant. These magnificent animals require a lifestyle tailored to their considerable size, meaning their care differs in scale and sometimes in specific needs compared to their smaller counterparts. Owning one is a significant commitment, demanding more space, a more substantial diet, and careful attention to their well-being, but the rewards of having such an impressive and gentle companion are immense.
- Giant rabbits are large domestic breeds, not a separate species.
- They require significantly more space than smaller rabbits.
- Dietary needs are greater in volume and specific composition.
- Health considerations are scaled up due to their size.
- Commitment is higher due to specialised care requirements.
These breeds, such as the Flemish Giant, can weigh anywhere from 15 to over 22 pounds (approximately 7 to 10 kg), and their length can be substantial. This size influences every aspect of their care, from the dimensions of their enclosure to the quantity of food they consume and the potential health issues they might face. Understanding these distinctions is the first step towards providing a happy and healthy life for your enormous bunny.
What Defines a 'Giant' Rabbit?
The term 'giant house rabbit' typically refers to breeds that are genetically predisposed to large size. The most recognised include the Flemish Giant, Continental Giant, French Lop, and Checkered Giant. These breeds are bred for their impressive stature, with adults regularly exceeding the size and weight of most common rabbit breeds. Unlike dwarf varieties, which are bred for smallness, giants are bred for bigness. This genetic predisposition means they are not simply overweight or oversized domestic rabbits, but distinct breeds with physiological characteristics that align with their larger frame.
Their temperament is often described as gentle, docile, and placid, earning them the nickname 'gentle giants'. This makes them excellent pets for families, provided the family understands and can meet their considerable needs. However, their size means they are more prone to certain issues, like joint problems or pressure sores, which are less common in smaller rabbits. Careful management of their environment and diet is paramount to prevent these conditions from developing.
Size Comparison: Giants vs. Standard Rabbits
The difference in size between a giant rabbit breed and a standard or dwarf breed is striking. A typical pet rabbit might weigh between 2 to 6 pounds (0.9 to 2.7 kg). In contrast, a Flemish Giant can easily reach 15 pounds (7 kg) and often exceeds this, with some individuals weighing up to 22 pounds (10 kg) or more. Length-wise, a standard rabbit might be around 12-18 inches (30-45 cm) long, while a giant can measure 25 inches (63 cm) or longer from nose to tail. This vast difference in physical dimensions dictates the scale of everything required for their care.
This substantial size difference is the primary factor differentiating the needs of a giant house rabbit from those of smaller breeds. Ignoring this distinction can lead to inadequate living conditions, improper nutrition, and subsequent health problems. It is not simply a matter of providing 'more' of the same; it often involves entirely different types of enclosures, larger quantities of specific foods, and a greater awareness of potential health risks associated with weight and mobility.
Housing Requirements for a Large Companion
Providing adequate housing for a giant house rabbit is arguably the most significant challenge due to their sheer size. A standard rabbit hutch, often found in pet stores, is simply not sufficient. These large animals need ample space to move, stretch, stand on their hind legs, and explore comfortably. Cramped conditions can lead to stress, behavioural issues, and physical ailments such as muscle atrophy or joint stiffness.
The rule of thumb is that the enclosure should be at least four to six times the size of the rabbit when fully stretched out. For a giant breed, this translates into a considerable footprint. Many owners opt for custom-built enclosures, large dog crates, or converted sheds and playpens, rather than traditional rabbit hutches. The key is ample floor space, allowing for distinct areas for sleeping, eating, and toileting, along with vertical space for standing up.
Space: The Bigger, The Better
A minimum enclosure size for a giant house rabbit is often cited as 12 square feet (1.1 square metres) of floor space, with a height of at least 3 feet (0.9 metres). However, this is a bare minimum for a single rabbit, and more space is always preferable. If you intend to house a pair, or if the rabbit will spend significant time indoors outside its primary enclosure, even larger dimensions are necessary. Think in terms of a small room or a large dog kennel, rather than a small cage.
Consider the dimensions: a standard rabbit hutch might be 3ft x 2ft x 2ft. For a giant rabbit, you should be looking at something closer to 6ft x 3ft x 3ft or even larger. Many owners use exercise pens (x-pens) to create customisable and spacious enclosures within a room, which can be expanded or reconfigured as needed. These pens allow the rabbit to have a large, safe territory within the home.
Ensure any enclosure has a solid floor, as wire flooring can cause painful sores on the large feet of giant breeds. If using a wire-bottomed cage, a thick layer of bedding or a solid mat must be provided to cover the entire base.
Indoor vs. Outdoor Living for Giant Rabbits
While traditionally rabbits were kept in outdoor rabbit hutches, many owners now choose to keep their giant house rabbits indoors. This allows for greater social interaction, closer monitoring of health, and protection from extreme weather conditions and predators. An indoor environment offers more opportunities for providing a spacious, safe, and stimulating living area. If kept outdoors, the enclosure must be exceptionally robust, predator-proof, and insulated against both heat and cold, with ample ventilation.
An outdoor setup for a giant breed will likely require something akin to a small garden shed or a purpose-built run, rather than a typical rabbit hutch. It must offer protection from rain, wind, direct sun, and predators like foxes or birds of prey. Conversely, an indoor setup often involves dedicating a section of a room, using large playpens, or even allowing supervised free-roam within a rabbit-proofed area. The critical aspect is safety and sufficient space, regardless of location.
Bedding and Enrichment
Giant rabbits, like all rabbits, need comfortable and absorbent bedding. Hay is a primary component, serving as both food and bedding. For sleeping areas, materials like straw, paper-based bedding, or kiln-dried pine or aspen shavings (avoid cedar, as its oils can be harmful) are suitable. Given their size, they will consume and require more bedding material than smaller rabbits.
Enrichment is crucial to prevent boredom and promote mental well-being. This includes providing safe chew toys (untreated wood, cardboard), tunnels large enough for them to navigate, and opportunities for foraging. For giant breeds, ensure any tunnels or hideaways are scaled appropriately. A cardboard box with two large entry holes can provide hours of fun. They also benefit from sturdy, heavy bowls that cannot be easily tipped over by their large bodies.
The size and weight of a giant rabbit necessitate robust, stable, and appropriately scaled enrichment items.
Dietary Needs: Fueling a Large Appetite
The dietary requirements of a giant house rabbit are significantly greater than those of smaller breeds, both in volume and in their specific composition. A high-quality diet is fundamental to their health, preventing obesity, digestive issues, and other common ailments. The cornerstone of any rabbit diet, including giants, is fibre. A constant supply of fresh hay is non-negotiable and should make up the vast majority of their intake.
While the principles of a healthy rabbit diet remain the same – high fibre, moderate protein, and controlled carbohydrates – the quantities are scaled up considerably. This means budgeting for larger amounts of hay, greens, and a smaller amount of high-quality pellets. Incorrect feeding can quickly lead to health problems, especially given their size and potential for weight gain.
Hay: The Foundation of Their Diet
For any rabbit, particularly a giant house rabbit, unlimited access to high-quality grass hay is paramount. Timothy hay, orchard grass, or meadow hay are excellent choices. Hay provides essential fibre for digestive health, helps wear down their continuously growing teeth, and is relatively low in calories, helping to prevent obesity. A giant rabbit can consume several pounds of hay per week.
Ensure the hay is fresh, dry, and free from mould. It should be available at all times. Hay is not just food; it's a vital part of their environment and a key factor in maintaining their gut motility. Without sufficient fibre, a rabbit is prone to gastrointestinal stasis, a life-threatening condition.
Unlimited access to fresh, high-quality grass hay is the single most important dietary component for a giant house rabbit.
Fresh Greens and Vegetables
A variety of fresh, leafy green vegetables should be offered daily. Introduce new greens slowly and in small amounts to monitor for any digestive upset. Good options include romaine lettuce, kale (in moderation due to calcium content), spinach (also in moderation), parsley, coriander, dill, and dandelion greens. Avoid iceberg lettuce, as it has low nutritional value and can cause diarrhoea.
The quantity of greens can be higher for giant breeds than for smaller rabbits, but always ensure it forms a smaller percentage of their diet than hay. A good guideline is to offer about 1 cup of packed greens per 2 pounds (0.9 kg) of body weight per day, spread across one or two meals. This provides essential vitamins, minerals, and hydration.
Pellets: A Supplement, Not the Main Meal
High-quality, high-fibre rabbit pellets should be given in moderation. For giant breeds, this means a larger absolute amount than for smaller rabbits, but still a restricted quantity relative to their total food intake. Choose plain, high-fibre (minimum 18-20%) timothy-based pellets. Avoid muesli-style mixes, which encourage selective feeding and are often unhealthy.
The amount of pellets needed depends on the rabbit's age, activity level, and the type of pellets used. A general guideline might be around 1/8 to 1/4 cup of pellets per 5 pounds (2.3 kg) of body weight per day. For a 15-pound rabbit, this would be roughly 3/8 to 3/4 cup. However, it's crucial to monitor the rabbit's weight and condition and adjust accordingly. Over-pelleting can lead to obesity and dental problems.
When transitioning to a new type or brand of pellets, mix a small amount of the new with the old, gradually increasing the proportion of new over a week to avoid digestive upset.
Treats and Water
Treats should be given sparingly. Small pieces of fruit like apple (no seeds), banana, or berries can be offered a few times a week as a special reward. Avoid sugary, starchy, or high-fat human foods. Carrots are high in sugar and should also be treated as a treat, not a staple vegetable.
Fresh, clean water must be available at all times. Giant rabbits will drink more than smaller rabbits, so ensure their water source is adequate. While water bottles are common, large, heavy ceramic bowls are often preferred by owners of giant breeds as they are more stable and allow for a more natural drinking posture. Regularly clean and refill the water source.
Health and Veterinary Care for Giant Rabbits
The health of a giant house rabbit requires diligent attention, as their large size can predispose them to specific conditions. Regular veterinary check-ups with a rabbit-savvy vet are non-negotiable. These professionals can identify subtle signs of illness, provide preventative care, and offer advice tailored to the unique needs of large breeds.
Due to their size, issues related to their skeletal system, weight management, and digestive tract can be more pronounced. Early detection and intervention are key. Owners must be proactive in monitoring their rabbit's behaviour, appetite, and physical condition. Understanding common health concerns for giant breeds will help you provide the best possible care.
Common Health Concerns
Giant breeds are more susceptible to certain health issues compared to their smaller counterparts:
- Arthritis and Joint Problems: Their considerable weight puts significant stress on their joints, making arthritis and other mobility issues more common, especially as they age.
- Pododermatitis (Sore Hocks): Pressure sores on the soles of their feet can develop, particularly if they are overweight, have inadequate bedding, or spend too much time on hard surfaces.
- Dental Issues: While all rabbits are prone to dental problems due to continuously growing teeth, poor diet (lack of hay) or genetics can exacerbate these in larger rabbits.
- Gastrointestinal Stasis (GI Stasis): This serious condition, where the digestive system slows or stops, can affect any rabbit but is particularly dangerous for larger ones who consume more food.
- Heart Conditions: Larger animals can sometimes be more prone to cardiac issues.
- Overweight/Obesity: Their large size makes it easier to become overweight if their diet and exercise are not carefully managed, leading to secondary health problems.
Regular weight monitoring is a critical aspect of preventative health for giant house rabbits.
Finding a Rabbit-Savvy Veterinarian
Not all veterinarians are equally experienced with rabbits, and even fewer will have extensive knowledge of giant breeds. It is vital to find a vet who specialises in or has significant experience with exotic pets, specifically rabbits. They will understand the nuances of rabbit anatomy, physiology, and common diseases, and be equipped to handle a large rabbit for examinations and procedures.
When searching for a vet, ask about their experience with rabbits, particularly large breeds. Inquire about their approach to common rabbit ailments, their anaesthesia protocols, and whether they offer preventative care advice specific to large rabbits. A good vet will be able to provide guidance on diet, housing, and behavioural signs of stress or illness.
Before you even bring your giant rabbit home, research and establish a relationship with a qualified rabbit veterinarian in your area. This ensures prompt care should an emergency arise.
Vaccinations and Preventative Care
Depending on your geographical location, your rabbit may require vaccinations against diseases like myxomatosis and Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease (RHD). These are highly contagious and often fatal diseases that can affect rabbits of all sizes. Discuss vaccination schedules with your rabbit-savvy vet. While myxomatosis is primarily spread by insects, RHD can spread through direct contact, contaminated food, or even by humans on their clothing.
Preventative care also includes regular grooming, nail trimming, and checking for parasites like rabbit fleas. While giant rabbits may not be as prone to being chased by predators, maintaining good hygiene and a clean living environment helps prevent many common health issues. Regular grooming can also help you spot lumps, bumps, or skin irritations early.
Neutering and Spaying
Neutering (for males) and spaying (for females) are highly recommended for all domestic rabbits, including giant breeds. This procedure not only prevents unwanted litters but also has significant health and behavioural benefits. Spayed females have a dramatically reduced risk of uterine cancer, which is very common in unspayed rabbits. Neutered males tend to be less territorial and aggressive.
For giant breeds, the anaesthesia and surgical risks associated with neutering/spaying need careful consideration by the vet. However, the long-term health benefits typically outweigh these risks. The recovery period should be managed carefully, ensuring the rabbit has a quiet, comfortable space and access to food and water without difficulty.
A rabbit-savvy vet will be able to assess the individual health of your giant rabbit and advise on the best timing and approach for neutering or spaying.
Behaviour and Socialisation
Giant house rabbits, often described as 'gentle giants', are known for their calm and docile temperaments. Their nature makes them wonderful companions, capable of forming strong bonds with their owners. However, like all rabbits, their behaviour is influenced by their environment, diet, socialisation, and individual personality. Understanding their behavioural cues is key to a harmonious relationship.
Despite their size, they are prey animals and can be easily startled. Proper socialisation from a young age is crucial to build confidence and ensure they are comfortable around people and in their environment. This involves gentle handling, positive reinforcement, and exposure to everyday sights and sounds in a controlled manner.
Temperament of Giant Breeds
Breeds like the Flemish Giant are renowned for their placid nature. They are often less skittish than smaller, more energetic breeds. This makes them suitable for households with children, provided the children are taught to interact gently and respectfully. Their size means they can be quite robust, but they are still delicate creatures that can be injured by rough handling.
They tend to be curious and intelligent. Providing mental stimulation through toys, puzzles, and interaction is important to prevent boredom and destructive behaviours. Many giant rabbits enjoy interacting with their owners, coming for cuddles, and even learning simple tricks. Their gentle disposition makes them truly endearing pets.
The 'gentle giant' reputation is largely accurate, but it does not negate the need for careful handling and supervision, especially around very young children.
Socialisation and Handling
Early and consistent socialisation is vital. When you first bring a giant rabbit home, give them time to adjust to their new surroundings. Allow them to explore their enclosure and immediate area at their own pace. Speak to them in a soft, calm voice. Avoid sudden movements or loud noises that could frighten them.
When handling, always support their hindquarters to prevent them from kicking out and potentially injuring themselves or you. Never pick them up by their ears or scruff. Many giant rabbits are happy to be petted while on the floor or in their enclosure. Some may tolerate being held for short periods, but this should never be forced. Building trust through positive interactions is more effective than trying to force them into uncomfortable situations.
Building trust with a giant house rabbit is achieved through patience, consistency, and positive reinforcement, not through dominance or force.
Enrichment and Play
Giant rabbits need enrichment to prevent boredom and destructive behaviours. This includes a variety of safe chew toys, tunnels they can run through, cardboard boxes to explore and shred, and opportunities to forage. Their size means they might interact with toys differently; ensure toys are sturdy and large enough not to be swallowed or become a choking hazard.
Puzzle feeders can be a great way to provide mental stimulation. You can hide treats or pellets within them, encouraging your rabbit to work for their food. Some rabbits enjoy chasing balls or being trained to come when called. Interaction with their owners is a key form of enrichment; spend quality time engaging with your rabbit daily.
Litter Training
Rabbits are naturally clean animals and can be litter trained relatively easily. Place a litter box in the corner your rabbit naturally chooses for toileting. Fill it with rabbit-safe litter (paper-based or wood pellets) and top it with a generous amount of hay. Rabbits often eat hay while using the litter box, so this placement encourages both behaviours.
Clean the litter box daily and completely change the litter every few days. If your rabbit has an accident outside the box, simply clean the area thoroughly with a pet-safe enzymatic cleaner to remove the scent and place any soiled litter into the box. Consistency and positive reinforcement (e.g., a small treat when they use the box) are key to successful litter training.
Common Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them
Owning a giant house rabbit is incredibly rewarding, but it also presents unique challenges that can catch unsuspecting owners off guard. Understanding these common pitfalls beforehand is crucial for providing the best possible care and ensuring a long, healthy, and happy life for your large companion. Many of these issues stem from underestimating the scale of their needs.
From enclosure size to dietary quantity, every aspect of care is amplified. Being aware of what can go wrong, and how to prevent it, will save you stress and your rabbit from potential suffering. Proactive care and informed decisions are your best tools.
Underestimating Space Requirements
Perhaps the most frequent mistake is providing an enclosure that is too small. A standard rabbit hutch or a small dog crate simply will not suffice for a rabbit that can weigh 15-20 pounds or more. This leads to cramped conditions, lack of exercise, muscle atrophy, obesity, and stress. Always err on the side of too much space rather than too little.
The golden rule for giant house rabbit housing is: bigger is always better. If you cannot provide a custom-built enclosure or a large dog crate, consider using sturdy exercise pens (x-pens) to create a significant, safe area within your home. Ensure it is rabbit-proofed and offers ample room for movement and exploration.
Incorrect Diet and Overfeeding Pellets
While hay should be unlimited, owners sometimes misjudge the quantity of pellets or greens required. Overfeeding pellets, which are calorie-dense, is a common cause of obesity and associated health problems like dental issues and heart disease. Conversely, not feeding enough hay can lead to digestive problems.
Remember that pellets are a supplement, not the main food source. Focus on providing a constant supply of high-fibre grass hay. Greens should be introduced carefully, and pellets should be measured precisely according to your rabbit's weight and activity level. Consult your vet for specific feeding guidelines based on your rabbit's individual needs.
Inadequate Veterinary Care
Failing to find a rabbit-savvy veterinarian, especially one experienced with large breeds, can be detrimental. Many general vets lack the specific knowledge required for rabbit health, and a misdiagnosis or improper treatment can have severe consequences. Furthermore, delaying vet visits until a problem is severe can be dangerous for any rabbit, but especially for those prone to rapid health declines.
It is essential to establish a relationship with a qualified rabbit vet *before* you need one. Regular check-ups are key, not just for when your rabbit is ill. Your vet can provide advice on diet, preventative care, and signs to watch for that are specific to giant breeds.
Never assume a pet shop employee has expert knowledge on giant rabbit care; always cross-reference any advice with a qualified rabbit veterinarian or reputable rabbit welfare organisations.
Ignoring Signs of Illness
Because giant rabbits are larger, subtle changes in their behaviour or appetite might be overlooked or dismissed as normal. However, rabbits are prey animals and are adept at hiding illness. A change in eating habits, reduced activity, or unusual droppings are always cause for concern. For giant breeds, conditions like GI stasis or arthritis can progress rapidly if not addressed promptly.
Be vigilant about monitoring your rabbit daily. Know their normal eating patterns, activity levels, and stool consistency. If you notice any deviation, contact your rabbit-savvy vet immediately. Early intervention is critical for a positive outcome.
Rough Handling
Despite their size, rabbits are delicate creatures. Improper handling, such as picking them up incorrectly, holding them too tightly, or allowing children to handle them without supervision, can lead to serious injury. Rabbits can be severely injured if they struggle and twist, or if they fall.
Always support a rabbit's hindquarters when lifting. Never swing them or hold them away from your body. Many giant rabbits prefer to interact on the floor, receiving pets and affection without being lifted. Teach children how to interact gently and supervise all interactions.
Considering Adoption: Finding Your Giant Companion
Bringing a giant house rabbit into your home is a significant commitment, and adoption is a wonderful way to give a deserving animal a loving environment. Many rabbit rescues and shelters have large breeds available, often surrendered due to owners underestimating their needs or due to changes in life circumstances. Adopting means you're saving a life and often gain valuable insights from rescue staff who know the rabbits' personalities and histories.
Adoption agencies can be invaluable resources for potential owners. They can help match you with a rabbit whose temperament suits your lifestyle and provide ongoing support. They also understand the specific requirements of giant breeds and can guide you on how to provide an appropriate home.
Where to Look for Giant Rabbits
Your first port of call should be local rabbit rescues or animal shelters. Many have specific sections on their websites or in their facilities for larger breeds. National rabbit welfare organisations often have directories of local rescues. Specialist breed clubs for Flemish Giants or other large breeds may also have contacts for breeders or individuals looking to rehome their rabbits.
When contacting rescues, be upfront about your experience and your home environment. Explain that you are specifically looking for a giant breed and understand their unique needs. This helps them assess if you are a suitable match and can guide you towards the right rabbit.
Many giant house rabbits end up in rescues because their owners were unprepared for the scale of their needs, making informed adoption crucial.
The Adoption Process
Adoption processes vary between organisations but generally involve an application form, a home check (sometimes virtual), and an interview. This is to ensure that you can provide a safe, suitable, and loving home for the rabbit. Be prepared to answer questions about your experience with rabbits, your living situation, your plans for care, and how you intend to rabbit-proof your home.
The rescue staff will often guide you through the process of meeting potential rabbits. They can provide information on their health history, temperament, and any known behavioural quirks. They will also likely want to see that you have adequate housing and supplies prepared before the adoption is finalised.
Adoption fees are standard and help cover the costs of veterinary care, food, and shelter for the animal.
What to Prepare Before Bringing Your Rabbit Home
Before your new giant house rabbit arrives, ensure you have all the necessary supplies: a large, secure enclosure (as discussed previously), appropriate bedding, a large litter box, high-quality hay, a measured supply of rabbit pellets, fresh green vegetables, a large and sturdy water bowl, and a selection of safe toys.
It is also vital to have established a relationship with a rabbit-savvy veterinarian and have an initial health check scheduled for your new companion. Rabbit-proofing your home is also essential if your rabbit will have free-roam time. This involves covering or removing electrical cords, securing furniture, and removing any toxic plants or household items.
When setting up the enclosure, place the litter box in a corner, fill it with hay, and place the food and water bowls nearby. This encourages your rabbit to use the litter box consistently.
Long-Term Commitment and Support
Owning a giant house rabbit is a long-term commitment, as rabbits can live for 8-12 years, sometimes longer. Be prepared for the ongoing costs of food, bedding, veterinary care, and potential emergencies. Ensure all household members are on board and understand the responsibilities involved.
Rescue organisations often provide ongoing support and advice. Don't hesitate to reach out to them if you encounter any challenges or have questions about your rabbit's behaviour or health. They are usually passionate about the welfare of the animals they rehome and are happy to help their adoptees succeed.
Frequently Asked Questions about Giant House Rabbits
Here we address some of the most common queries potential and current owners have about these magnificent, large rabbits. Understanding these points can help you make an informed decision about ownership or improve the care you are already providing.
Giant rabbits are wonderful pets, but their size means their needs are amplified. Getting clear answers to your questions ensures you can provide the best possible environment for your gentle giant.
How big do giant house rabbits get?
Giant house rabbit breeds, such as the Flemish Giant or Continental Giant, can reach impressive sizes. Adults typically weigh between 15 to 22 pounds (7 to 10 kg), though some individuals may weigh even more. They can measure over 2 feet (60 cm) in length from nose to tail, making them considerably larger than average pet rabbits.
Can a giant house rabbit live in a small cage?
No, a giant house rabbit cannot thrive in a small cage. Their large size necessitates a spacious enclosure, ideally at least 12 square feet of floor space and 3 feet in height, with more being preferable. A small cage leads to health issues and distress. Think in terms of a large dog crate or a converted shed.
What is the best diet for a giant house rabbit?
The best diet for a giant house rabbit consists primarily of unlimited, high-quality grass hay (like timothy or orchard grass). This should be supplemented with a daily serving of fresh, leafy green vegetables and a carefully measured amount of high-fibre rabbit pellets. Fresh water must always be available.
Are giant rabbits good with children?
Giant rabbits are often docile and gentle, making them good companions for children when supervised. However, their size means they can be accidentally injured by rough play, and they can also be startled. Children must be taught to interact gently, and interactions should always be supervised by an adult.
How much hay does a giant rabbit eat?
A giant house rabbit consumes a significant amount of hay, often several pounds per week. Unlimited access to fresh, high-quality grass hay is essential for their digestive health and dental wear. Hay should always be the main component of their diet, far outweighing pellets or greens.